{"id":71,"date":"2021-11-23T13:59:58","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T13:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/chapter\/sdg-4-quality-education\/"},"modified":"2024-12-16T12:29:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T12:29:58","slug":"sdg-4-quality-education","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/chapter\/sdg-4-quality-education\/","title":{"raw":"SDG #4 - Quality Education","rendered":"SDG #4 &#8211; Quality Education"},"content":{"raw":"<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-67\" src=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.00.14-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"175\" height=\"176\">\n<h2><strong>Video<\/strong><\/h2>\nIn this 10-minute video made available from the SDG Academy, Jeffery Sachs looks at the six key transformation pathways to the SDGs, followed by a more in-depth analysis of education, inclusion, jobs, and growth. Professor Sachs' analysis includes discussion of early childhood development, gender fairness, the school-to-work transition, the maintenance of labor standards throughout the economy, and making the economy more innovative.\n\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/wJKJWuTLgKs\n<h2><strong>Analysis<\/strong><\/h2>\nEducation enables upward socioeconomic mobility and is a key to escaping poverty[footnote]Global Affairs Canada. (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/employment-social-development\/programs\/agenda-2030\/voluntary-national-review.html\">Canada\u2019s Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: voluntary national review<\/a>.[\/footnote].\n\nOver the past decade, major progress was made towards increasing access to education and school enrolment rates at all levels, particularly for girls. Nevertheless, about 260 million children were still out of school in 2018, which is 20% of the global population in that age group[footnote]United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/goals\">Sustainable Development Goals<\/a>.[\/footnote]. More than half of all children and adolescents worldwide are not meeting minimum proficiency standards in reading and mathematics<sup>2<\/sup>.\n\nCanada\u2019s population are among the most educated people in the world, with 54% of adults aged 25 to 64 having completed post-secondary education in 2016, compared to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries with an average of 36.7%<sup>1<\/sup>. Although the percentage of the Canadian population with post-secondary degrees have steadily increased since 1990, with women consistently attaining higher rates of post-secondary education than men, problems still exist<sup>1<\/sup>. Canada still experiences a high degree of academic and therefore occupational gender segregation, with men comprising two thirds of post-secondary graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), with an even greater disparity in engineering and computer science programs and skilled trades<sup>1<\/sup>. Less than 14% of engineers in Canada are women[footnote]Engineers Canada. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/engineerscanada.ca\/diversity\/women-in-engineering\/retention\">Retention of women in engineering<\/a>.[\/footnote].\n\nWorldwide, including Canada, education systems do not respect Indigenous Peoples\u2019 diverse cultures[footnote]United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/fight-racism\/vulnerable-groups\/indigenous-peoples\">Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Indigenous Peoples, Education status<\/a>.[\/footnote]. There are too few teachers who speak their languages, and their schools often lack basic materials. Educational materials that provide accurate and fair information on indigenous peoples and their ways of life are particularly rare<sup>4<\/sup>. Despite the numerous international instruments that proclaim universal rights to education, Indigenous Peoples do not fully enjoy these rights, and an education gap between indigenous peoples and the rest of the population remains critical, worldwide<sup>4<\/sup>.\n\nIn 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the globe, a majority of countries announced the temporary closure of schools, impacting more than 9% of students worldwide. By April 2020, close to 1.6 billion children and youth were out of school<sup>2<\/sup>. And nearly 369 million children who rely on school meals needed to look to other sources for daily nutrition<sup>2<\/sup>. Never before have so many children been out of school at the same time, disrupting learning and upending lives, especially the most vulnerable and marginalized<sup>2<\/sup>. The global pandemic has far-reaching consequences that may jeopardize hard won gains made in improving global education.\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<h2><strong>Fast Facts<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Before the coronavirus crisis, projections showed that more than 200 million children were not enrolled in school, and only 60% of young people would be completing upper secondary education in 2030;<\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem\">More than half of children that have not enrolled in school live in sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 85% per cent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are not learning the minimum;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>617 million youth worldwide lack basic mathematics and literacy skills;<\/li>\n \t<li>Over 750 million adults, two thirds of them women, remained illiterate in 2016, with half of the global illiterate population living in South Asia, and a quarter living in sub-Saharan Africa;<\/li>\n \t<li>In low, and middle-income countries, children with disabilities were 19% less likely to achieve minimum proficiency in reading than those without disabilities;<\/li>\n \t<li>4 million refugee children were out of school in 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n&nbsp;\n\n[h5p id=\"28\"]\n<h2><strong>Why it Matters<\/strong><\/h2>\nWhy should I care about ensuring a quality education for all? Education enables upward socioeconomic mobility and is a key to escaping poverty. Education helps reduce inequalities and reach gender equality and is crucial to fostering tolerance and more peaceful societies worldwide.\n\n[h5p id=\"29\"]\n<h2><strong>Targets and Indicators for Canada<\/strong><\/h2>\nBelow is Canada\u2019s approach to measuring progress on SDG #4 \u2013 Quality Education. Note the targets and indicators chosen[footnote] Statistics Canada. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/en\/pub\/11-26-0004\/112600042021001-eng.pdf?st=BW11MJMK\">The Canadian Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals - 2021<\/a>.[\/footnote].\n\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-70 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM.png\" alt=\"Goal 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all Canadian Ambition: Canadians have access to inclusive and quality education throughout their lives Targets Indicators T4.1.1 No specific target I4.1.1 High school completion rate Source: Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0170-01 High school completion rate by sex, age group and selected demographic characteristics T4.2.1 No specific target I4.2.1 Post-secondary education attainment rate Sources: Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0130-01 Educational attainment of the population aged 25 to 64, by age group and sex, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Canada, provinces and territories; Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0117-01 Educational attainment in the population aged 25 to 64, off-reserve Aboriginal, non-Aboriginal and total population\" width=\"788\" height=\"401\">\n<h2><strong>Recommended Reading<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n \t<li>United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/sdgs\/report\/2020\/goal-04\/\">The Sustainable Development Goal Report, 2020. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-67\" src=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.00.14-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"175\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.00.14-AM.png 175w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.00.14-AM-150x150.png 150w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.00.14-AM-65x65.png 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Video<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In this 10-minute video made available from the SDG Academy, Jeffery Sachs looks at the six key transformation pathways to the SDGs, followed by a more in-depth analysis of education, inclusion, jobs, and growth. Professor Sachs&#8217; analysis includes discussion of early childhood development, gender fairness, the school-to-work transition, the maintenance of labor standards throughout the economy, and making the economy more innovative.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Education, Inclusion, Jobs, and Growth\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wJKJWuTLgKs?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Analysis<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Education enables upward socioeconomic mobility and is a key to escaping poverty<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Global Affairs Canada. (2018). Canada\u2019s Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: voluntary national review.\" id=\"return-footnote-71-1\" href=\"#footnote-71-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past decade, major progress was made towards increasing access to education and school enrolment rates at all levels, particularly for girls. Nevertheless, about 260 million children were still out of school in 2018, which is 20% of the global population in that age group<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"United Nations. (2021). Sustainable Development Goals.\" id=\"return-footnote-71-2\" href=\"#footnote-71-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a>. More than half of all children and adolescents worldwide are not meeting minimum proficiency standards in reading and mathematics<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Canada\u2019s population are among the most educated people in the world, with 54% of adults aged 25 to 64 having completed post-secondary education in 2016, compared to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries with an average of 36.7%<sup>1<\/sup>. Although the percentage of the Canadian population with post-secondary degrees have steadily increased since 1990, with women consistently attaining higher rates of post-secondary education than men, problems still exist<sup>1<\/sup>. Canada still experiences a high degree of academic and therefore occupational gender segregation, with men comprising two thirds of post-secondary graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), with an even greater disparity in engineering and computer science programs and skilled trades<sup>1<\/sup>. Less than 14% of engineers in Canada are women<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Engineers Canada. (2021). Retention of women in engineering.\" id=\"return-footnote-71-3\" href=\"#footnote-71-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Worldwide, including Canada, education systems do not respect Indigenous Peoples\u2019 diverse cultures<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"United Nations. (2021). Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Indigenous Peoples, Education status.\" id=\"return-footnote-71-4\" href=\"#footnote-71-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a>. There are too few teachers who speak their languages, and their schools often lack basic materials. Educational materials that provide accurate and fair information on indigenous peoples and their ways of life are particularly rare<sup>4<\/sup>. Despite the numerous international instruments that proclaim universal rights to education, Indigenous Peoples do not fully enjoy these rights, and an education gap between indigenous peoples and the rest of the population remains critical, worldwide<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>In 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the globe, a majority of countries announced the temporary closure of schools, impacting more than 9% of students worldwide. By April 2020, close to 1.6 billion children and youth were out of school<sup>2<\/sup>. And nearly 369 million children who rely on school meals needed to look to other sources for daily nutrition<sup>2<\/sup>. Never before have so many children been out of school at the same time, disrupting learning and upending lives, especially the most vulnerable and marginalized<sup>2<\/sup>. The global pandemic has far-reaching consequences that may jeopardize hard won gains made in improving global education.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<h2><strong>Fast Facts<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Before the coronavirus crisis, projections showed that more than 200 million children were not enrolled in school, and only 60% of young people would be completing upper secondary education in 2030;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem\">More than half of children that have not enrolled in school live in sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 85% per cent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are not learning the minimum;<\/span><\/li>\n<li>617 million youth worldwide lack basic mathematics and literacy skills;<\/li>\n<li>Over 750 million adults, two thirds of them women, remained illiterate in 2016, with half of the global illiterate population living in South Asia, and a quarter living in sub-Saharan Africa;<\/li>\n<li>In low, and middle-income countries, children with disabilities were 19% less likely to achieve minimum proficiency in reading than those without disabilities;<\/li>\n<li>4 million refugee children were out of school in 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-28\">\n<div class=\"h5p-content\" data-content-id=\"28\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><strong>Why it Matters<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Why should I care about ensuring a quality education for all? Education enables upward socioeconomic mobility and is a key to escaping poverty. Education helps reduce inequalities and reach gender equality and is crucial to fostering tolerance and more peaceful societies worldwide.<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-29\">\n<div class=\"h5p-content\" data-content-id=\"29\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><strong>Targets and Indicators for Canada<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Below is Canada\u2019s approach to measuring progress on SDG #4 \u2013 Quality Education. Note the targets and indicators chosen<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Statistics Canada. (2021). The Canadian Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals - 2021.\" id=\"return-footnote-71-5\" href=\"#footnote-71-5\" aria-label=\"Footnote 5\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-70 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM.png\" alt=\"Goal 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all Canadian Ambition: Canadians have access to inclusive and quality education throughout their lives Targets Indicators T4.1.1 No specific target I4.1.1 High school completion rate Source: Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0170-01 High school completion rate by sex, age group and selected demographic characteristics T4.2.1 No specific target I4.2.1 Post-secondary education attainment rate Sources: Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0130-01 Educational attainment of the population aged 25 to 64, by age group and sex, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Canada, provinces and territories; Statistics Canada. Table 37-10-0117-01 Educational attainment in the population aged 25 to 64, off-reserve Aboriginal, non-Aboriginal and total population\" width=\"788\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM.png 788w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM-300x153.png 300w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM-768x391.png 768w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM-65x33.png 65w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM-225x114.png 225w, http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-9.03.22-AM-350x178.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Recommended Reading<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/sdgs\/report\/2020\/goal-04\/\">The Sustainable Development Goal Report, 2020. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-71-1\">Global Affairs Canada. (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/employment-social-development\/programs\/agenda-2030\/voluntary-national-review.html\">Canada\u2019s Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: voluntary national review<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-71-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-71-2\">United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/goals\">Sustainable Development Goals<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-71-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-71-3\">Engineers Canada. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/engineerscanada.ca\/diversity\/women-in-engineering\/retention\">Retention of women in engineering<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-71-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-71-4\">United Nations. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/fight-racism\/vulnerable-groups\/indigenous-peoples\">Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Indigenous Peoples, Education status<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-71-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-71-5\"> Statistics Canada. (2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/en\/pub\/11-26-0004\/112600042021001-eng.pdf?st=BW11MJMK\">The Canadian Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals - 2021<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-71-5\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 5\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"part":69,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/71"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/71\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":150,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/71\/revisions\/150"}],"part":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/69"}],"metadata":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/71\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=71"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=71"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/openbooks.hdfoundation.in\/sdgintro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=71"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}